In Air layering roots are forcibly grown on the stem of a plant, which already has a root system. Such plants have usually shed off the lower foliage. Generally ornamental plants like dieffenbachia, ornamental figs and croton. Some woody plants like magnolia, azalea, rose, etc are also grown by this method.
With the help of a blade or knife which is sharp, you have to cut two parallels of 1 1/2 inches on the bark. This should also include the bark and the cambium layer. Then between these parallel cuts, you need to have one perpendicular cut.
Thus the bark is removed and the tissues inside are exposed. After that take sufficient amount of sphagnum moss and wrap it up around the exposed part of the stem. This moss should be kept in place by tying it with a string. Air layering demand moisture so the moss should be soaked in water and should always be moist. If you feel the moss has been excessively moistened, squeeze the remaining water. You need to do this before you use the moss or else this may decay the plant tissue.
Depending on the size of the stem take a plastic film of suitable size. This can be sued to wrap around the sphagnum moss. This keeps the moss in place. The butchers fold is used during the wrapping.
After it is tied tightly make sure that the moss is not exposed. When you syringe or water plants the excess moisture should not seep in and at the same time moisture should also not go out of the polythene. To prevent the wounded area from breaking support the plant with the help of a splint or stake.
After some days you will notice new roots inside the plastic film. It is the time to remove the rooted branch from the donor plant. Different plants and seasons play an important role in deciding the rooting time.
When you are removing the rooted plant, the cut should be just below the moss and the roots. Then remove the polythene. You can then plant the new plant in a suitable container. Handle the moos and the new roots carefully.
Cover the newly potted plant with a polythene and keep for eight days. A healthy root system will develop by then. Until new roots develop, the plant should be kept in shade and avoid direct sunlight.
All in all the air layering of the plant roots is an excellent idea.
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